If we want to visit some website, we have to connect to the particular server which hosts the website that we want to visit. To do that, our computer has to know the IP address of that server. Instead of using IP addresses, we refer to websites using their names for example www. For humans, names are a lot easier to use then to remember numbers like IP addresses.
We can easily check that by pinging some host, for instance www. As we can see, DNS serves have a very simple function. DNS takes user-friendly names, like www. For example, the client asks what is the IP address of www. The local name server checks its list, and if it finds the entry for www. The DNS root server returns its referral to the local name server. The referral points to the name servers for the top-level of the DNS domain.
The local name server sends an iterative query to one of the top-level domain name servers. The Google name server responds with the IP address of www. Now the client can contact the host which hosts the www.
Microsoft first developed its own naming system. And then this image will appear for you. Locate the network connection for which you want the DNS server changed. Enter interface ip set dns 'Ethernet0' static 8. Replace Ethernet0 with the name of your connection and 8. You use the Web by typing in hostnames such as www. Whenever you type in a hostname, such as www. DNS servers provide that name resolution automatically and behind the scenes as you surf the Web.
When you create one, XP will first look into the HOSTS file to see if there's an entry for the hostname, and, if it finds it, it will resolve the address itself.
That way, you won't have to go out to a DNS server and wait for the response before visiting a web site. Open it in Notepad and enter the IP addresses and hostnames of your commonly visited web sites, like this:. Each entry in the file should be on one line. The IP address should be in the first column, and the corresponding hostname in the next column.
At least one space should separate the two columns. You can add comments to the file by preceding the line with a , in which case the entire line will be ignored by the file, or by putting a after the hostname, in which case only the comment after will be ignored. You might want to comment on individual entries? Make sure to check your HOSTS file regularly and keep it up to date, or else you may deny yourself access to certain web sites.
So, when you want to go to a site, XP first looks in its local DNS cache, called the resolve cache , to see whether the DNS information is contained there. That way, if it finds the information locally, it doesn't have to query a remote DNS server to find IP information. The cache contains both negative and positive entries. Positive entries are those in which the DNS lookup succeeded, and you were able to connect to the web site. When XP looks in the cache, if it finds a positive entry, it immediately uses that DNS information and sends you to the requested web site.
Negative entries are those in which no match was found, and you end up getting a 'Cannot find server or DNS Error' in your browser. Similarly, when XP looks in the cache and finds a negative entry, it gives you the error message without bothering to go out to the site. Negative entries can lead to problems. When you try to make a connection to a site that has a negative entry in your cache, you'll get an error message, even if the site's problems have been resolved and it's now reachable.
You can solve this problem, though, using a Registry hack. By default, XP caches negative entries for five minutes. Close all your Chrome browser windows and reopen the browser. All the sites will be loaded comparatively faster than before and you can open the sites properly in Firefox and Internet explorer also. Editorial Staff at WebNots are team members who love to build websites and share the learning with webmasters community.
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